Volts to watts calculator

Volts alone cannot give you watts. You also need the current the load draws (or its resistance). Enter voltage and amps below.

VC-2 converterV → W
Supply
A
V
1 for heaters; ~0.85 motors
Power60W
P = V × I × PFBreaker: 15 A non-continuous · 15 A if it runs 3 h+
Breaker figures are the next standard size from NEC 240.6(A), with 125% for continuous loads (210.20(A)). The wire must be rated for the breaker, and motors and HVAC follow different rules. See the breaker size calculator.

Quick reference

Amps12 V DC120 V240 V80% at 120 V
1 A1212024096
5 A606001,200480
10 A1201,2002,400960
15 A1801,8003,6001,440
20 A2402,4004,8001,920
30 A3603,6007,2002,880
40 A4804,8009,6003,840
50 A6006,00012,0004,800
60 A7207,20014,4005,760
100 A1,20012,00024,0009,600

Watts at power factor 1. The last column is the continuous load a 120 V breaker of that size is meant to carry.

The formulas

DC: P = V × I, so I = P ÷ V

AC single-phase: P = V × I × PF, so I = P ÷ (V × PF)

AC three-phase: P = 1.732 × VLL × I × PF, so I = P ÷ (1.732 × VLL × PF)

PF is power factor, between 0 and 1. Resistive loads (heaters, incandescent lamps, water heaters) are 1. Motors, compressors and power supplies are lower, which means they draw more current for the same watts.

Using the result safely

  • Nameplate current beats a calculation. If the equipment lists amps, use that figure.
  • For a load that runs 3 hours or more (EV charger, water heater, space heater), the NEC sizes conductors and breakers at 125% of the load.
  • To pick the conductor for the current you found, go to the wire size calculator; for long runs check the voltage drop.

Questions people ask

Can you convert volts to watts directly?

No. Watts are volts multiplied by amps (and power factor for AC). Without the current, or the resistance of the load, there is no answer.

How many watts is 12 volts?

It depends on current: 12 V at 5 A is 60 W; 12 V at 10 A is 120 W.

How do I get watts from volts and ohms?

P = V² ÷ R. 12 V across a 6 Ω load is 144 ÷ 6 = 24 W.